One of the frequent things I get asked is what medications show pig
families should have on hand. Administering medications to food animals
is serious business and proper care should be taken to use the right
product at the right time the right way. Make sure that people that are
doing so are properly trained and keep appropriate records.
The goal here is not to replace the advice you get from your
veterinarian. Some of the drugs that we will discuss are prescription and some
you will use extra label so your relationship with your local veterinarian is
critical. This is meant to provide some baseline information on a few common medications and how they are used.
Before we get to the medications let’s talk equipment.
Having the right gear is mission critical and will save you time, money, and
frustration.
Syringes:
I really like the nylon syringes Ardes is one common brand for giving individual animal
treatments. The fit in your hand and are lots easier than trying to use a
disposable and are a lot cheaper than a multi-dose pistol grip. If you can’t
find them at a local clinic or store QC Supply has them for about $6. You will
want a 10 cc and a 20 cc. The 20 cc is actually easier to handle if you have
small hands but the 10cc is more accurate to measure smaller doses.
Needles:
I like these D3 detectible needles from Ideal. They cost a
few pennies more but their construction makes them much less likely to break
and if they do they are detectible so we can find a retrieve them.
As far as the size needles you need use this chart from the
PQA program as a guide.
Thermometer:
You really should have one of these on hand. The cheap
digital ones you can get at your local pharmacy work just fine and don’t break
like glass ones. The normal temperature for a pig is 102.5 but can vary a bit.
Younger pigs will have a slightly higher normal body temp.
Sorting Panel
If you are going to give pigs injections, you really need
one of these.
Medications: For each of the medications we will discuss
what it is used for, withdrawal, and dosage. Your veterinarian knows what works
best in your area so their advice is mission critical.
Parasite Control: The
normal recommendation is to de worm your show pigs once a month. That is probably overkill and once every 6-8 weeks is adequate but if doing it once a month helps you remember it is fine.
Safe Guard. You
need to feed Safe Guard for three to 12 days in a row . Safeguard comes in many
forms but the easiest for show pigs might be Clean Sweep it is made so one scoop added to the feed per 50# for 3 days is the correct dose to de worm your show pig.
Ivermectin is not a great wormer as far as being a broad
spectrum. It kills worms that have round bodies but it is not effective
on the ones with flat bodies like hookworms. But it does have the advantage of killing lice
and mange. Lots of people use it when
they have pigs in isolation and after coming home from a show for that purpose. The dosage is 1 cc per 75 pounds
and the withdrawal is 18 days.
Prolate is a topical spray for the control of mange and lice. Mange is a common external parasite in show pigs so we recommend you keep Prolate on hand.
Anti-Inflammatory
Meds:
Banamine S is a prescription non steroidal anti
inflammatory and is labeled to relieve fever during respiratory disease. The
dosage is 2 cc per hundred pounds IM and
the withdrawal is 12 days. In addition to relieving fever this product also
relieves pain and inflammation so there are a number of extra label uses you
will want to discuss with your veterinarian.
Dexamethasone is a prescription steroidal anti inflammatory.
It is labeled for use in cattle and
horses so it is always extra label use when you administer it to pigs. As such
your veterinarian will establish both the withdrawal time and the dosage. When
we label it for our clients we label it for 1 cc / 40# IM or SubQ and use 8 days for a withdrawal time.
Vitamins / Minerals /
Other
B Complex Is an
over the counter product but there are some formulations that are prescription.
It can be used to treat and prevent the symptoms of Vitamin B deficiency. There
are a whole bunch of different formulations of B complex so consult the label
for dose and withdrawal information.
Vitamin B 12 is a
prescription product that will stimulate appetite and is often used along with
treatment for other disease. The most common formulation is 3000 mcg /ml but
there are at least two other strengths so look at the label. The usual dosage of the 3000 mcg/ml product
is 1-2 ml per head SubQ and there is no
withdrawal.
Bo Se is a
combination of Vitamin E and Selenium it is used to treat and prevent Vitamin E
and Selenium deficiency. This is common
in some parts of the country and other parts of the country have adequate and
even excess selenium in the soil. So you need to work with your local
veterinarian. BoSe is a prescription product the dose is 1 cc per 40 pounds IM or
SubQ and withdrawal is 14 days.
TrueGlo Turbo is an all
natural feed supplement. It is fed every day to support the immune system, gut health, appetite and skin health.
TrueTrac is a uniquely formulated nutritional supplement designed to
nutritionally support the skeleton and joints in order to prevent hoof
and joint issues in show pigs.
TruePurple TruePurple is a high-energy acidified electrolyte with a boost of vitamin B-12 that's great for receiving pigs and getting them off to a good start.
Provilli is a versatile product that can be used either as a topical spray for skin issues like cracked backs or in water for gut health.
Antibiotics
Penicillin G
works well against gram positive organisms that are not resistant. It is usually used at an extra label dose so
you need to work with your veterinarian. We label it at 5 c per
hundred pounds IM for our clients and the new recommended withdrawal is 51 days
when it is administered at that dose. It must be
administered every 24 hours and limit it to no more than 10 cc per injection
site. With the new longer withdrawal we have all but eliminated using penicillin in pigs.
Tylan 50 and 200 Both
of these have the same antibiotic at different concentrations. They are labeled
for swine pneumonia, erysipelas, arthritis, and scours. We probably use them
most often to treat growing and finishing pigs with scours and occasionally for
lame pigs. The dosage for Tylan 50 is 1 cc per 12.5 pounds and for Tylan 200 1
cc per 50 pounds IM. Do not inject more than 5 cc in an injection site. The
withdrawal is 14 days.
LA 200 is oxytetracycline
200 mg / ml. It is used to treat pneumonia and occasionally scours. Some also
give it to sows after farrowing to help control baby pig scours and prevent
mastitis and metritis in the sow. It is usually given at 4.5 cc per 100 pounds
which does not need to be repeated for 72 hours. It can also be administered at
1.5 or 2.5 cc per hundred pounds daily. Do not exceed 5 cc per injection site.
Lincomycin 100 or 300
These are the same medication in two different strengths. The most common
reason we use this is for arthritis and Mycoplasma pneumonia. The dose is 1 cc
per 20 pounds for Lincomycin 100 and 1 cc per 60 pounds for Lincomycin 300. Lincomycin 300 is only labeled to be used in pigs over 300 pounds.
So if you intend to use it in smaller pigs that is extra label use and you should
consult your veterinarian. The withdrawal for both is 48 hours.
Draxxin is labeled for swine respiratory disease and
is active against the majority of bacterial agents that cause respiratory
disease. Draxxin is a “go to” medication
for pigs with pneumonia. It is unique in it has a short withdrawal time but
delivers several days of therapeutic levels of drug in the lung. The dosage is
0.25 cc / 22 pounds IM and the withdrawal is 5 days.
Baytril is
another good treatment for respiratory disease in pigs. Baytril is in a special
class and there is no extra label use of this medication allowed. Baytril is
another “go to” for respiratory disease. If you use it follow the label exactly
so you stay within the law. The dosage is 3.4 cc/ 100 pounds SubQ and the
withdrawal is 5 days.
Naxcel / Excenel RTU
/ Excede All three of these
are the
same antibiotic in three different forms and with two different dosages
and
withdrawals.All three are prescription products. FDA has recently
restricted
the use of these products. They can not be used as blanket treatments to
prevent disease and they must be used at the dose on the bottle. There
is still some limited extra label use. For example you can still use
Naxcel to treat a pig with Strep meningitis or inner ear infection if
you follow the label dosage.
Naxcel
comes as a dry powder that you reconstitute with water. Once you mix it te product is good for 7 days
in the refrigerator. If you still have some left at the end of the 7 days you
can freeze and keep it for 8 weeks but when you thaw it one time discard any
unused portion. The dosage is 1 cc per
22 to 37 pounds IM and repeat the dosage daily for three days. The withdrawal
period is 4 days.
Excenel RTU is essentially the same as Naxcel but in a ready
to use shelf stable format that you store at room temperature. You need to shake it well before use. The dose
is the same as Naxcel 1 cc per 22 to 37 pounds IM three days in a row and the withdrawal is
4 days.
Excede has a 7 day duration of activity so it does not have
to be re-administered. The dosage is 1 cc per 44 pounds and the withdrawal is
14 days. Do not administer more than 2
cc per injection site.
Polyflex is sterile powdered Ampicillin for injection. It is always extra label for swine so you'll consult with your veterinarian about it as well. It is our go to for ear infections. The dosage is 2.72 mg /lb. Since it comes as a powder and can be mixed with different amounts of water the strength of the solution varies so follow the directions based on how your veterinarian mixes it.